EKSIGMA Ecuadorian Journal of Scientific Knowledge
EKSIGMA es una revista científica de divulgación dedicada a la publicación de artículos en las áreas de ciencia, tecnología e innovación. Promueve la difusión del conocimiento académico mediante procesos de revisión por pares y publicación electrónica.
Low-cost automation for improving reliability in institutional hydropneumatic systems: a case study in Esmeraldas, Ecuador
This study addresses the improvement of the reliability and continuity of the water supply service at the Instituto Superior Tecnológico Luis Tello, located in Esmeraldas, Ecuador, through the implementation of a low-cost automated hydropneumatic system. The intervention consisted of the design and integration of an electrical control system with programmed alternation of pumps, protection against electrical failures, and monitoring of water level and pressure. The methodological approach was descriptive and explanatory, focusing on the functional evaluation of the system before and after automation. The results showed significant improvements in water pressure, especially in the higher floors of the building, with an increase of up to 175%. Additionally, the protection system against electrical failures prevented damage to the equipment and ensured operational continuity. Automation resulted in a 40% reduction in operational costs, mainly due to energy savings and reduced maintenance costs. However, areas for improvement were identified, such as the lack of continuous monitoring, which could be addressed in future research by integrating IoT technologies and remote monitoring.
Copyright (c) 2025 EKSIGMA Ecuadorian Journal of Scientific Knowledge https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Estimada comunidad científica, Es un honor presentar el Volumen 2, Número 1 de la Revista EKSIGMA, correspondiente al primer trimestre de 2026. Esta edición recoge investigaciones significativas que abordan una variedad de desafíos contemporáneos en los campos de la tecnología, la educación, el deporte y la gestión de riesgos, con un enfoque aplicado a soluciones reales. El primer artículo, titulado "Diseño de casa inteligente y seguridad en la provincia de Esmeraldas, Ciudadela Los Girasoles", presenta una solución tecnológica de seguridad residencial inteligente para el barrio Los Girasoles en Esmeraldas. Este estudio propone un sistema de control de acceso inteligente basado en tecnologías IoT (Internet de las Cosas), adaptado a las condiciones socioeconómicas limitadas de la comunidad, con el objetivo de mejorar la seguridad en los hogares mediante un enfoque accesible y funcional. Los resultados demostraron que esta tecnología, a pesar de los desafíos, es viable y puede implementarse a bajo costo, ofreciendo una mejora considerable en la seguridad de la zona El segundo artículo titulado "Análisis del impacto de un sistema de telefonía IP automatizado en la comunicación interna de una institución de educación superior" evalúa la implementación de un sistema de telefonía IP (VoIP) en el Instituto Tecnológico Superior Luis Tello. A través de encuestas antes y después de la implementación del sistema, se demuestra que VoIP mejoró significativamente la calidad de la comunicación interna, con un aumento notable en la satisfacción del personal docente y administrativo. La investigación también confirma que la infraestructura de red y la facilidad de uso del sistema fueron clave para la exitosa adopción de esta tecnología, especialmente en contextos educativos con recursos limitados El tercer artículo, "Programa de fuerza funcional para arqueros sub-15 de la selección de fútbol de Esmeraldas: evaluación de la efectividad", aborda la importancia de la fuerza del tren superior en el rendimiento de los arqueros juveniles. A través de un programa de entrenamiento funcional denominado Power Archery, se observó una mejora significativa en la fuerza de los arqueros de la selección sub-15. Este estudio revela cómo un programa específico de fuerza no solo mejora el rendimiento físico, sino que también reduce el riesgo de lesiones, lo que es crucial para el desarrollo de estos jóvenes deportistas El cuarto artículo, titulado "Gobernanza intercultural y gestión del riesgo: caso Siona en Ecuador", analiza la gestión integral del riesgo de desastres (GIRD) en los territorios indígenas, específicamente en la nacionalidad Siona. El estudio destaca las brechas entre el conocimiento ancestral y los sistemas oficiales de gestión del riesgo en Ecuador. A pesar de los avances normativos, la implementación efectiva sigue siendo limitada debido a la falta de un enfoque intercultural en la toma de decisiones. El artículo propone fortalecer la gobernanza intercultural como un paso clave para una gestión del riesgo más inclusiva y efectiva El quinto artículo, titulado "Impacto del entrenamiento funcional de fuerza en arqueros juveniles de fútbol", evalúa la efectividad de un programa de fuerza funcional en los arqueros sub-15 de la selección de Esmeraldas. El estudio revela mejoras significativas en la fuerza del tren superior de los arqueros tras la intervención de 8 semanas con el programa Power Archery. La evaluación de las repeticiones de dominadas antes y después del programa muestra que los arqueros aumentaron significativamente su rendimiento físico, lo que contribuye a su rendimiento general en el campo de fútbol. Con esta nueva edición, EKSIGMA reafirma su compromiso con la divulgación de investigaciones interdisciplinarias, promoviendo soluciones prácticas a problemas actuales mediante la integración de tecnología, educación y desarrollo social. Agradecemos a los autores, revisores y miembros del consejo editorial por su valioso aporte y confiamos en que los trabajos publicados en este número seguirán enriqueciendo el conocimiento científico y aportando soluciones pertinentes a los desafíos del presente.
Copyright (c) 2026 EKSIGMA Ecuadorian Journal of Scientific Knowledge https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Intercultural governance and disaster risk management: The Siona case in Ecuador
The implementation of intercultural approaches in disaster risk management represents a major challenge for public administration in plurinational states. In Ecuador, the recent approval of the Organic Law on Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management incorporates principles of indigenous participation and plurinationality; however, its effective implementation in indigenous territories faces institutional and territorial constraints. A qualitative case study design was adopted, focusing on the Siona nationality located in Sucumbíos province. Documentary analysis of national and international regulations, public policy instruments, and the community Life Plan was conducted. Data were organized through thematic categorization and normative–territorial triangulation. Findings reveal structural gaps across all phases of the disaster risk management cycle, particularly regarding the integration of ancestral knowledge, intercultural adaptation of interventions, and effective participation in recovery processes. The study concludes that normative progress alone does not ensure effective intercultural governance. Strengthening territorial mechanisms of co-responsibility is essential to align legal frameworks with community dynamics.
Impact Assessment of a Functional Training Program on Upper Body Strength and Performance of Under-15 Youth Goalkeepers: A Quasi-Experimental Study in Esmeraldas
The study analyzes the relevance of developing upper-body strength in under-15 soccer goalkeepers, given the lack of specific training programs in local contexts such as Esmeraldas, thereby addressing a gap in the specialized physical preparation of this group. A quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design was adopted. The sample consisted of three under-15 goalkeepers from the Esmeraldas regional team. An initial assessment was conducted using the pull-up test, followed by the implementation of a functional strength training program called Power Archery over eight weeks (three sessions per week). Upper-body strength was evaluated before and after the intervention, and the data were analyzed using Student’s t-test for dependent samples in SPSS. The results showed increases in the number of pull-ups performed by all goalkeepers across the standard, pronated, and supinated variations. These improvements were statistically significant (p < 0.05), indicating a consistent increase in functional upper-body strength following the implementation of the program. The findings confirm that a specific functional strength program contributes to improving the performance of youth goalkeepers; however, the small sample size and the absence of a control group are acknowledged as limitations, opening avenues for future research.
Impact of an Adapted Sports Program on Social Inclusion and Community Cohesion: A Case Study in the Las Mercedes Sector, San Lorenzo Canton
Social exclusion in vulnerable community contexts conditions opportunities for participation and places strain on the construction of collective bonds. Within this setting, community sport emerges as a form of social intervention with the capacity to influence processes of integration and cohesion. This study examined the impact of the “Sport for Social Equity” program in the Las Mercedes sector of the San Lorenzo canton, with the aim of understanding its contribution to participants’ experiences of social inclusion. The research was conducted using a mixed-methods approach, with a quasi-experimental design and an intentional sample of 30 participants. The intervention was organized into three articulated stages: a program adaptation phase based on open interviews, the implementation of sports activities over eight weeks, and an evaluation stage using a satisfaction survey with a Likert-type scale. The results indicate an overall favorable assessment, reflected in a general satisfaction average of 4.4, associated with perceived improvements in social interaction, sense of belonging, and community cohesion. Alongside these assessments, structural constraints related to the intensity of the activities and the persistence of pre-existing social tensions are acknowledged, situating the program experience within a field of complexity that opens space for evaluations with a longer temporal scope.
Analysis of the Impact of an Automated IP Telephony System on Internal Communication in a Higher Education Institution
This study aims to evaluate the impact of implementing an automated IP telephony system on internal communication in a higher education institution. The adopted methodological approach was quantitative, with a non-experimental and cross-sectional design. Surveys were conducted before and after the VoIP system implementation to assess both the system's performance and the users' perception. The results indicate that the implementation of the VoIP system significantly improved internal communication quality, with a noticeable increase in satisfaction among teaching and administrative staff. 100% of users found the system useful and easy to use, while 93% of respondents rated the call quality as good. Technical tests confirmed that the system met international VoIP quality standards, with an average latency of 15 ms and jitter below 30 ms, ensuring stable communication. The network infrastructure was designed to meet the Institute's needs by optimizing existing resources through the installation of UTP Cat 5 cables and conduits. This study provides evidence of the potential of convergent technologies to improve internal communication in educational institutions with limited resources.
Smart Home Design and Security in the Province of Esmeraldas – Los Girasoles Residential Area
Insecurity in households in the “Los Girasoles” neighborhood of Esmeraldas has revealed a high level of vulnerability in residential access points. This study focuses on the design of an intelligent access control system based on IoT technologies, adapted to a limited socioeconomic context. The research adopted a non-experimental qualitative approach, conducting interviews with 10 residents and validating the design with 3 experts in electronics and home automation. The results show that the design was validated as technically feasible, with an average score of 4.7 in technical feasibility as assessed by the experts. Adaptation to the social context of the neighborhood scored 4.8, highlighting low cost and simplicity of implementation. The designed system has the potential to improve security; however, cost and lack of knowledge represent challenges for widespread implementation. In addition, although the system is viable in a simulated environment, pilot testing is recommended to verify its effectiveness.
Bibliographic review on the evolution of marketing communication: challenges and opportunities for entrepreneurial ventures in an Ecuadorian city
The evolution of marketing communication has significantly transformed the way entrepreneurial ventures interact with their markets. The aim of this study was to analyze, from a theoretical perspective, the main changes, challenges, and opportunities associated with this evolution in a local Ecuadorian context. The research adopted a qualitative, descriptive–interpretative approach based on a bibliographic review of scientific articles indexed in the SciELO and Redalyc repositories, published between 2018 and 2024. Content analysis allowed the identification of recurring trends related to the strengthening of digital marketing, the use of digital platforms, and bidirectional communication with consumers. The results show that the adoption of digital strategies contributes to improved brand positioning and entrepreneurial competitiveness, although limitations related to training, technological access, and strategic planning persist. It is concluded that digital marketing communication represents a key strategic axis for the sustainable development of entrepreneurial ventures.
Urban Traffic Noise Reduction through Behavioral Interventions: Implications for Educational Environments
The increase in vehicular traffic in urban areas has made noise pollution an environmental and public health concern, particularly in educational settings. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a community awareness strategy on the reduction of traffic-related noise around the María Auxiliadora Educational Unit in the Esmeraldas canton. A quantitative study with a pre-experimental before–after design was conducted, considering four critical acoustic impact points. Sound pressure levels were measured using a Class 2 sound level meter, applying the 15-second Leq method before and after the intervention, and were compared with current Ecuadorian environmental regulations. Initial results showed noise levels ranging from 70 to 76 dB, exceeding the maximum permissible limits for educational areas. After implementing the awareness campaign aimed at drivers and pedestrians, a significant reduction in noise levels was observed, with an average value of 53.48 dB, complying with regulatory standards. The findings indicate that community awareness campaigns represent an effective, low-cost, and feasible strategy for mitigating traffic noise pollution in urban educational environments.
Estimada comunidad científica, Es un honor presentar el Volumen 1, Número 2 de la Revista EKSIGMA, correspondiente al segundo trimestre del año 2025, una edición que consolida el compromiso de la revista con la divulgación de investigaciones aplicadas orientadas a la solución de problemáticas reales en los ámbitos tecnológico, educativo, ambiental y social. En este número se reúnen estudios que abordan desafíos contemporáneos clave, tales como la transición energética, el mantenimiento tecnológico en educación superior, la seguridad digital infantil, la comunicación inteligente en contextos de emergencia y la gestión sostenible de residuos sólidos. Cada uno de los artículos incluidos aporta evidencia científica, metodologías rigurosas y propuestas aplicables, fortaleciendo el diálogo entre la investigación académica y las necesidades del entorno. El primer artículo presenta un análisis comparativo de normativas y costos en la implementación de sistemas BESS de gran capacidad, evaluando estándares internacionales como IEEE, NFPA, UL e IEC, y contrastando alternativas de instalación subterránea y aérea. Este estudio constituye un aporte relevante para la toma de decisiones técnicas y económicas en proyectos de almacenamiento energético, especialmente en contextos urbanos y rurales en proceso de transición hacia energías renovables. El segundo trabajo analiza la aplicación de técnicas de diagnóstico remoto para el mantenimiento de equipos informáticos en educación superior, evidenciando mejoras significativas en la eficiencia operativa, reducción del tiempo de inactividad y optimización del soporte técnico. Los resultados obtenidos resaltan la importancia de integrar herramientas de acceso remoto y monitoreo como parte de las estrategias de gestión tecnológica institucional. El tercer artículo desarrolla un plan de mejora en el uso de internet basado en la gestión de control parental, dirigido a estudiantes de Educación General Básica. A través de un enfoque mixto, el estudio identifica brechas en el conocimiento de los padres de familia y propone acciones de concientización orientadas a fortalecer la seguridad digital infantil y el uso responsable de las tecnologías en entornos educativos. Asimismo, se presenta el diseño de una red de sensores inalámbricos orientada a la comunicación de vehículos de emergencia, utilizando arquitectura LoRaWAN y modelos de propagación radioeléctrica. Este artículo aporta una solución tecnológica innovadora para mejorar la coordinación y respuesta ante emergencias en entornos urbanos, considerando las particularidades geográficas y de infraestructura de la ciudad de Esmeraldas. Finalmente, el número se completa con una investigación sobre la gestión de residuos sólidos no peligrosos y la educación ambiental comunitaria, desarrollada en el barrio La Floresta. Los resultados evidencian que la implementación de programas de educación ambiental genera mejoras significativas en las prácticas de manejo de residuos y en la conciencia ambiental de la población, reafirmando el valor de la educación como eje fundamental de la sostenibilidad local. Con esta edición, EKSIGMA reafirma su rol como espacio de difusión científica interdisciplinaria, promoviendo investigaciones que integran tecnología, educación, sostenibilidad y desarrollo social. Agradecemos a los autores, revisores y miembros del consejo editorial por su valioso aporte, y confiamos en que los trabajos publicados en este número contribuirán al fortalecimiento del conocimiento científico y a la generación de soluciones pertinentes para los desafíos actuales.
Management of Non-Hazardous Solid Waste and Community Environmental Education: Empirical Evidence from the La Floresta Neighborhood
The improper management of solid waste in the neighborhood of <span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Cambria',serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'MS Mincho'; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">La Floresta is a problem that affects the environment; therefore, reducing its excessive accumulation is a priority. This situation highlighted the need to implement an environmental education program that would actively involve the community in proper waste management. This research adopted a mixed methodological approach, combining exploratory and descriptive research. Surveys were administered to 142 residents, and the solid waste generated in the area was characterized. The results indicated an average daily waste generation of 71 kg, while 61% of residents were not familiar with environmental education and 53% did not apply environmental care practices, leading to negative impacts due to improper waste disposal. After the implementation of the program, with a participation rate of 90% of the residents, a substantial improvement in waste management was observed, as 93.8% of participants demonstrated adequate knowledge and approval of proper waste handling practices. Environmental education proved to be crucial in promoting sustainable practices and is consistent with previous studies that highlight its effectiveness. Overall, the education program was successful in raising awareness and improving waste management practices within the community, providing valuable insights into the importance of continuous education for environmental sustainability.
Design and Analysis of a LoRaWAN Network for Emergency Vehicle Communication in Urban Environments
The great progress in technology and evolution of mobile communications systems and advanced networks have led to the use of wireless sensor networks -WSN-, which are characterized by their absence of wiring, scalability and low power consumption, The main objective of this study consisted in the design of a WSN detailing the main components to establish an infrastructure oriented to the communication of vehicles in emergency cases in the city of Esmeraldas, the present investigation was carried out through a deep bibliographic collection with a systematic and analytical approach, in the elaboration of the design of the sensor network two factors had to be taken into account, The type of communication, which was based on LoraWAN network architecture, and the maximum coverage radius, where the Okumura-Hata 231 model was used. Once the coverage was determined, the scope was tested using the CupCarbon program to determine the number of gateways to be used, and Radio Mobile to predict the performance of the radio link system, The results obtained for the maximum coverage radius was 1.52km, determining that to achieve a total range in the city of Esmeraldas 6 gateways should be placed, where the data transmission is achieved, however the Radio Mobile application showed in the simulation that there are places where the coverage was not achieved due to the buildings and mountainous areas of the place.
Improvement Plan for Internet Use, Based on Parental Control Management, for 5th-7th Grade Children at UEF "Guale", Cantón Paján, Manabí
Today education has changed dramatically due to the fact that the teaching-learning process is mediated by the Internet, however, this represents a risk for the safety and health of children. This article aims to develop a plan to improve the use of the internet, based on Parental Control Management, aimed at children from 5th-7th grade in Basic General Education (EGB) of the “Guale” Educational Unit, Cantón Paján, Manabi. The mixed approach study used a survey which was validated by applying Cronbach's alpha test, this served to identify the context of the research, which showed that 70.5% of the parents did not use a control software parental, which showed a low knowledge about the use of the internet and the management of parental control. The execution of an improvement plan that involves raising awareness and learning will reduce the risk generated by the lack of parental control.
Application of Remote Diagnostic Techniques for Computer Equipment Maintenance: A Study in Higher Education
Timely maintenance of computer equipment is a key factor in ensuring the continuity of academic activities in higher education institutions. In this context, remote diagnostics emerges as an alternative for optimizing technical support processes. The study adopted a qualitative approach with empirical support, based on semi-structured interviews with technical staff and the operational implementation of remote diagnostics on ten computer systems intensively used for academic purposes, using remote access and system performance monitoring tools. The results show an average reduction of 35% in equipment downtime, as well as improvements in response times and early fault detection, without interrupting academic activities. It is concluded that remote diagnostics is a viable strategy for improving the efficiency of computer maintenance, although its effectiveness depends on technological infrastructure, remote access security, and staff training.
Comparative Evaluation of Standards and Economic Analysis in the Implementation of Large-Scale BESS Systems
The increasing penetration of intermittent renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind, has created a need for efficient energy storage systems, such as Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS). This paper provides a comparative evaluation of the most relevant international standards, such as IEEE 1547, NFPA 855, UL 9540, and IEC 60287, and their impact on the design and implementation of large-scale BESS systems. Additionally, an economic analysis is conducted regarding the costs associated with the installation of underground versus overhead systems, evaluating aspects such as durability, energy efficiency, and safety. Through an extensive review of literature and existing case studies, the paper offers a detailed insight into best practices and operational challenges in integrating BESS into modern electrical grids. The results indicate that while underground installation presents higher initial costs, it offers advantages in terms of safety and longevity, whereas overhead systems may be more cost-effective in environments with lower environmental risks. This analysis provides key recommendations for optimizing the deployment of BESS systems in urban and rural infrastructures.
Estimada comunidad científica, Es un honor para nosotros, como parte del equipo editorial de EKSIGMA, presentarles el Volumen 1, Número 1, correspondiente al tercer trimestre del año 2025. En esta edición inaugural, destacamos avances significativos en diversos campos de la ciencia y la tecnología. Hemos seleccionado con rigurosidad artículos que abordan la implementación de tecnología RFID para el control y seguridad de casilleros en el Instituto Superior Tecnológico Luis Tello, utilizando el microcontrolador ESP32 y el lector RFID RC522 para mejorar la gestión de acceso y seguridad; el diseño de un modelo Green IT para el mismo instituto, basado en las normas ISO/IEC 38500 e ISO 14000, con el objetivo de reducir el impacto ecológico de las TIC y optimizar la eficiencia energética y la gestión de residuos electrónicos; la virtualización de hardware con Proxmox para facilitar el acceso remoto a equipos virtualizados en el ISTLT, superando las limitaciones de hardware obsoleto y mejorando la calidad educativa; la evaluación de la calidad en uso de un Entorno Virtual de Aprendizaje basado en la norma ISO/IEC 25022, aplicado a la plataforma Moodle del ISTLT, para diagnosticar la efectividad, eficiencia y satisfacción de los estudiantes; y la implementación de micro-PMUs (µPMUs) en las redes de distribución de Ecuador, una tecnología que mejora la conciencia situacional y fortalece la resiliencia del sistema eléctrico del país, especialmente tras los racionamientos eléctricos de 2024. Con esta publicación, EKSIGMA se establece como un espacio de difusión de investigaciones de alta calidad, cuyo objetivo es contribuir al desarrollo académico y profesional de nuestros lectores. Estamos comprometidos en ofrecer contenidos que fomenten el intercambio de conocimientos y el fortalecimiento de las redes académicas y científicas a nivel nacional e internacional. Agradecemos sinceramente a todos los autores y miembros del consejo editorial que participaron en el proceso de revisión de los artículos que componen esta edición, y deseamos que este número de EKSIGMA sea un elemento clave en el avance del conocimiento, un importante aporte al campo de las ciencias y tecnologías que están transformando nuestra sociedad, la educación y las organizaciones en general. Atentamente, Erika Reina Guaña, Ph.D (c). Editor Jefe
Situational awareness in Ecuador’s distribution networks using µPMUs
In 2024, Ecuador faced nationwide power rationing triggered by drought and delayed investments, highlighting the urgent need to strengthen situational awareness in distribution networks. This article examines the role of micro-PMUs (µPMUs) as a complement to existing monitoring and proposes an architecture tailored to the Ecuadorian context. A scoping review (2015–2025) of µPMU applications and IEEE C37.118 standards was carried out, together with a documentary analysis of CENACE’s WAMS experience. Based on this, an integrated µPMU architecture was designed for feeders operated by CNEL EP and EEQ, including use cases and ex ante metrics (temporal resolution, TVE, latency). The federated WAMS/WAMPAC+µPMU architecture positions sensors at feeder heads and critical medium-voltage nodes, enabling: (a) faster fault detection and location; (b) voltage and harmonic management to enhance power quality; (c) oscillation monitoring; and (d) secure DER integration. Expected outcomes include reduced fault location times, improved distribution state estimation, and more effective investment prioritization. Feasibility requires redundant telecom, C37.118.2/IEC-61850 interoperability, clear data governance between CENACE and DSOs, and strong cybersecurity. Gradual µPMU adoption in Ecuadorian distribution is technically viable and can enhance resilience, efficiency, and renewable integration.
Proposal for a Green IT Model for the Instituto Superior Tecnológico Luis Tello Based on ISO/IEC 38500 and 14000 Standards en las normas ISO/IEC 38500 y 14000
The intensive use of technologies in educational institutions has increased energy consumption and electronic waste. This study proposes a Green IT model for the Instituto Superior Tecnológico Luis Tello, based on ISO/IEC 38500 and ISO 14000 standards, to improve technological sustainability. A qualitative, exploratory-descriptive, and cross-sectional study was conducted using interviews, direct observation, and document analysis, complemented by surveys applied to 9 key participants. The diagnosis showed that 70% of students are familiar with the Green IT concept, but 85% of technological equipment remains powered on outside academic hours. It was also found that 40% use Energy Star–certified devices and 60% participate in recycling activities. Based on these findings, a three-phase strategic model with monitoring indicators was developed. The results reveal gaps between knowledge and practice, as well as the urgency of institutional policies to promote a sustainable technological culture.
Implementation of RFID technology for locker control and security in educational environments: The case of the Instituto Superior Tecnológico Luis Tello.
This research presents the implementation of RFID technology at the Instituto Superior Tecnológico Luis Tello (ISTLT) to enhance security and access control to the faculty lockers. The system is based on the use of the ESP32 microcontroller and the RC522 RFID reader, which allows for more efficient management compared to traditional keys. In the testing phase, it was found that the system responded efficiently to simple tasks, with an average response time of 1.5 seconds per card, but showed delays in resource-intensive tasks, such as uploading files, with an average response time of 2 seconds under load conditions. The overall user satisfaction was "very satisfactory." However, areas for improvement were identified, particularly in hardware and network infrastructure, suggesting that performance could be optimized with a technological upgrade. Periodic evaluations are recommended to ensure the system's performance.
Hardware Virtualization with Proxmox for Remote Access of Students in the Assembly and Maintenance of Computer Equipment Program at the Luis Tello Technological Institute
This research evaluated the implementation of virtualization with Proxmox at the Instituto Superior Tecnológico Luis Tello, aiming to improve remote access to virtualized equipment for students in the Assembly and Maintenance of Computer Equipment program, overcoming the limitations of outdated hardware. A descriptive approach with a cross-sectional design was used, applying a literature review and practical laboratory tests with 14 students. The results showed that simple tasks, such as watching videos and participating in forums, were more efficient, while complex tasks, such as uploading files or completing quizzes, experienced delays and errors. The overall satisfaction of the students was "very satisfactory." However, delays were identified in resource-intensive applications, suggesting the need to upgrade the hardware. As future work, it is recommended to improve the hardware and network infrastructure and conduct periodic evaluations to optimize performance and user experience
Evaluation of Quality in Use of a Virtual Learning Environment Based on ISO 25000
This study evaluated the quality in use of the Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) at the Instituto Superior Tecnológico Luis Tello, applying ISO/IEC 25022 metrics. The objective was to assess effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction perceived by students using the Moodle platform. A mixed-method approach with quantitative predominance was adopted, including SUS questionnaires answered by 14 students and direct observation of critical tasks. Results showed that simple tasks, such as viewing videos and posting in forums, achieved higher effectiveness and efficiency, while complex tasks, such as uploading files or completing quizzes, revealed lower performance in time and error frequency. Nevertheless, overall satisfaction reached a “very satisfactory” level, indicating positive user perception. The weighted final score (7.24/10) classified the VLE’s quality in use as “satisfactory.” It is concluded that although the VLE meets minimum quality requirements, improving complex processes is necessary to enhance efficiency and effectiveness. Future work includes periodic evaluations and redesign of operational flows.