Design and Analysis of a LoRaWAN Network for Emergency Vehicle Communication in Urban Environments

Abstract

The great progress in technology and evolution of mobile communications systems and advanced networks have led to the use of wireless sensor networks -WSN-, which are characterized by their absence of wiring, scalability and low power consumption, The main objective of this study consisted in the design of a WSN detailing the main components to establish an infrastructure oriented to the communication of vehicles in emergency cases in the city of Esmeraldas, the present investigation was carried out through a deep bibliographic collection with a systematic and analytical approach, in the elaboration of the design of the sensor network two factors had to be taken into account, The type of communication, which was based on LoraWAN network architecture, and the maximum coverage radius, where the Okumura-Hata 231 model was used. Once the coverage was determined, the scope was tested using the CupCarbon program to determine the number of gateways to be used, and Radio Mobile to predict the performance of the radio link system, The results obtained for the maximum coverage radius was 1.52km, determining that to achieve a total range in the city of Esmeraldas 6 gateways should be placed, where the data transmission is achieved, however the Radio Mobile application showed in the simulation that there are places where the coverage was not achieved due to the buildings and mountainous areas of the place.